![]() On module level, the focus is on prevention of thermal runaway propagation, e.g. contamination by particles inside the cell, while battery management ensures the balanced charge and discharge of individual cells to avoid high stresses. On cell level, quality control in cell manufacturing must prevent e.g. Protection strategies must address all three battery levels: cell, module, and pack. Figure 3: Typical phases of a thermal runaway event Melting of the separator leads to internal shorts and thus the highly exothermic phase 2 with the major release of heat, gas and particles, and propagation to adjacent cells. evaporated electrolyte and its decomposition products. The course of a thermal runaway event strongly depends on factors like cathode chemistry, state-of-charge, cell size, trigger method etc., but typically consists of two phases – phase 1 dominated by electrolyte- and interface-related reactions with limited heat generation and venting of some gas, e.g. 5 min before a danger is caused in the passenger compartment due to thermal propagation, as a result of thermal runaway of a single battery, …, and the safety requirements shall still comply with 5.1”. GB 38031-2020: “In accordance with 8.2.7.2, conduct thermal propagation occupant protection analysis and verification. UN GTR 20: “The vehicle shall provide an advance warning indication to allow egress or 5 minutes prior to the presence of a hazardous situation inside the passenger compartment caused by thermal propagation which is triggered by an internal short circuit leading to a single cell thermal runaway such as fire, explosion or smoke”. The aim of both regulations is to give passengers at least five minutes to safely leave a vehicle after the first battery cell goes into thermal runaway and triggers thermal propagation by heat transfer to adjacent battery cells: Figure 2: Requirements for thermal runaway early warning ![]() in article 5.4.12.1 of UN GTR 20, “Global Technical Regulation on the Electric Vehicle Safety (EVS)” and article 5.2.7 b of Chinese GB 38031-2020, “Electric Vehicles Traction Battery Safety requirements”. This need is also reflected in international regulations, e.g. But it will never be completely possible to rule out the risk of thermal runaways completely – so at least the negative impacts they have on vehicle occupants must be minimized by a comprehensive safety strategy. As a consequence, the need to implement safety features to prevent thermal runaways and resulting battery fires is essential to protect drivers and passengers from any harm, and to build customer trust and confidence in this technology. With much more energy stored inside a high-voltage battery pack, the higher amount of energy released during thermal cell or pack failures can lead to more severe consequences, e.g. Figure 1: Development of battery cell energy density over the last decade For example, the energy density on cell level has almost tripled in the last ten years, leading to electric driving ranges more and more customers find acceptable. This is supported by governmental policies and subsidies stimulating the industry, but also driven by increased customer interest as significant technical improvements have been achieved in battery technology. Go to the cart by clicking on the shopping cart icon located at the top right of the page.Reducing the risk of battery fires with functionally enhanced venting unitsĪs the automotive market recovers from the pandemic, we observe an acceleration of electric vehicle market penetration. Get a shipping rate estimate by adding items to your online cart. The quote takes into consideration, the bulk of your cart, where you want it delivered and if you want express or standard shipping. Shipping rates are automatically calculated based on live quotes supplied by our shipping partners. * These delivery times are an estimate and actual delivery times may vary based on peak periods and other external factors. Shipping day estimates after your order leaves our fulfilment centre in Sydney are based on Australia Post domestic delivery times: State Orders are normally shipped within 5 business days - most quicker! Safety Bags, Containers & Survival KitsĪll orders are shipped from our Brookvale, Sydney order fulfilment centre.Toilet Holding Tanks & Pumpout Fittings.Trailer Rollers, Brackets, Spindles & Skids.
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